Brachiocephalic trunk artery is ALWAYS the first branch off the ascending Aorta in any mammalian species (Sheep, Cat, Human). The Brachiocephalic trunk artery sends a branch into the upper arm ("brachi") and several branches into the head ("ceph"). Useful link to a simple but complete schematic of the human heart upper major arteries. |
Vascular Cat
Wednesday, November 2, 2011
Human Cadaver Heart - Cartoon Diagram
Tuesday, November 1, 2011
Cat Veins - Cartoon Diagram
Upper Thoracic Cavity:
Abdomen & Lower Extremities:
Abdomen & Lower Extremities:
Friday, October 28, 2011
Cat Arteries - Cartoon Diagrams
Upper Thoracic Cavity:
Abdomen & Lower Extremities:
Abdomen & Lower Extremities:
Notes: (1) Popliteal artery tends to dip down very abruptly (deep into the muscle toward the back of the cat's "knee"). |
Friday, October 21, 2011
Veins of the Cat - Donkey J. Meowmers, Guest kitty, Prof cat
DJM |
Guest kitty |
Brachiocephalic vein (branches DIRECTLY off Superior Vena Cava "stem", anterior view):
Right and Left Brachiocephalic veins, respectively; DJM |
Right and Left Brachiocephalic veins, respectively; Guest kitty |
Subclavian vein (continuous with Brachiocephalic vein, i.e. "becomes" Subclavian vein; anterior view):
Left Subclavian vein, Guest kitty |
Left Subscapular vein, Guest kitty |
Axillary vein (continuous with Subscapular vein, i.e. "becomes" Axillary vein; anterior view):
Left Axillary vein, Guest kitty |
Brachial vein (continuous with Axillary vein, i.e. "becomes" Brachial vein, anterior view):
Left Brachial vein, Guest kitty |
External Jugular vein (anterior view):
Left Jugular vein, prior to further dissection; DJM |
Left Jugular vein, post-dissection; DJM |
Left Jugular vein; Guest kitty |
Internal Jugular vein (not visible on DJM specimen):
Pulmonary vein (Right lung):
Guest Kitty |
Inferior Vena Cava (anterior view):
Hepatic Portal vein (does NOT branch off Inferior Vena Cava; instead, it's a vessel formed by the joining of capillaries/venules of digestive organs that transport blood, via the Hepatic Portal vein, into the liver):
Hepatic Portal vein (Left side of Cat); the "stem", moves blood TOWARD the liver (NOT TOWARD the heart; this is an exception to the rule of "all veins move blood toward to the heart"), formed by the UNION (anastomosis) of 2 veins: (1) gastrosplenic vein ("superior"/lateral vein), (2) superior mesenteric vein ("inferior" vein); Hepatic Portal vein stains yellow; DJM |
(1) Gastrosplenic vein (anastomoses to form Hepatic Portal vein, anterior view):
Gastrosplenic vein (upper/"superior"/lateral vein) "anastomoses" with Superior Mesenteric vein (Left side of Cat); stains yellow; Gastrosplenic vein tends to "run" with the Celiac Trunk artery; DJM |
(2) Superior Mesenteric vein (anastomoses to form Hepatic Portal vein, anterior view):
Superior Mesenteric vein (lower/"inferior" vein) "anastomoses" with Gastrosplenic vein (Left side of Cat); stains yellow; DJM |
Inferior Mesenteric vein (anterior view):
Inferior Mesenteric vein normally stains BRIGHT YELLOW and runs alongside the large intestine/colon; DJM (cat did not stain with latex very well). |
Renal Vein (anterior view):
Left Renal Vein; Renal veins are SUPER THICK and stain blue; each comes from a kidney; DJM |
(i) Common Iliac vein (1st major vein, top-to-bottom, that is continuous with the Inferior Vena Cava, anterior view):
The probe (not the forceps) is pointing to the Common Iliac vein (near the cat's groin); Common Iliac vein has 2 branches: (a) Internal Iliac vein, (b) External Iliac vein; DJM |
(a) Internal Iliac vein (branches DIRECTLY off Common Iliac vein, 2 anterior views):
The probe (not the forceps) is pointing to the Internal Iliac vein; DJM |
Both probes are pointing to the Internal Iliac vein; DJM |
(b) External Iliac vein (branches DIRECTLY off Common Iliac vein, anterior view):
The probe on the LEFT is pointing to the External Iliac vein; the probe on the RIGHT is pointing to the Internal Iliac vein for ease of reference; DJM |
(ii) Femoral vein (2nd major vein, top-to-bottom, that is continuous with the Inferior Vena Cava, anterior view):
DJM |
(iii) Popliteal vein (3rd major vein, top-to-bottom, that is continuous with the Inferior Vena Cava, anterior view):
The probe on the RIGHT in pointing to the Popliteal VEIN; the probe on the LEFT is pointing to the Popliteal ARTERY for ease of reference. |
Great Saphenous vein (anterior view):
"Blown" Great Saphenous vein on the Professor's cat. |
Proximal Caudofemoral vein: picture not available.
Azygos vein:
Wednesday, October 19, 2011
Arteries of the Cat - Donkey J. Meowmers, Prof cat
Cat Heart (general, anterior view):
Thymus gland (reduced because cat is an adult, anterior view):
Coronary arteries:
Pulmonary Trunk Artery:
Ascending Aorta/Aortic Arch:
Brachiocephalic Trunk Artery:
1. Right Subclavian artery (1st branch off Brachiocephalic Trunk Artery):
2 & 3. Right and Left Common Carotid Arteries (2nd and 3rd branches off Brachiocephalic Trunk Artery):
Right Axillary artery:
Left Subclavian artery (branches directly off Ascending Aorta):
Left Axillary artery:
Left Brachial artery:
Left Subscapular artery:
Descending Aorta:
Celiac Trunk Artery:
Superior Mesenteric artery:
Renal artery:
Inferior Mesenteric artery:
External Iliac arteries (Right & Left):
Internal Iliac arteries (Right & Left):
Femoral artery:
Proximal Caudofemoral artery:
Saphenous artery:
Popliteal artery:
Thymus gland (reduced because cat is an adult, anterior view):
Coronary arteries:
Coronary arteries are the the little pink-stained vessels on the surface of the heart; they provide the oxygenated blood supply for the cardiac muscle of the heart. |
Pulmonary Trunk Artery:
Pulmonary Trunk Artery is the first vessel on the top, anterior surface of the cat heart. |
Ascending Aorta/Aortic Arch:
|
Brachiocephalic Trunk Artery has 3 distinct branches: (1) Right Subclavian artery, (2) Right Common Carotid artery, and (3) Left Common Carotid artery. |
1. Right Subclavian artery (1st branch off Brachiocephalic Trunk Artery):
2 & 3. Right and Left Common Carotid Arteries (2nd and 3rd branches off Brachiocephalic Trunk Artery):
Right Axillary artery:
Left Subclavian artery (branches directly off Ascending Aorta):
Left Axillary artery:
Left Brachial artery:
Prof cat specimen |
Left Subscapular artery:
Prof cat specimen |
Descending Aorta:
Celiac Trunk Artery:
Superior Mesenteric artery:
Renal artery:
Inferior Mesenteric artery:
External Iliac arteries (Right & Left):
Probe is pointing to the Left External Iliac artery. |
Internal Iliac arteries (Right & Left):
Right and Left Internal Iliac arteries are shown here. |
Femoral artery:
Probe is pointing to the Left Femoral artery of the cat's thigh. |
Proximal Caudofemoral artery:
Probe is holding the cut remnants of the Left Proximal Caudofemoral artery. |
Saphenous artery:
Probe indicates the remnant of the Left Saphenous artery (cut) on this cat specimen's thigh. |
Popliteal artery:
Probe is pointing to the Left Popliteal artery, which "dives down" from the anterior surface of the thigh to the back of the cat' s left knee. |
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